Radiohead

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Radiohead
Radiohead (left to right): Thom Yorke, Jonny Greenwood, Colin Greenwood, Ed O'Brien and Phil Selway
Background information
Origin	Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England
Genres	Alternative rock, experimental rock,electronic music
Years active	1985–present
Labels	XL, Ticker Tape Ltd., Hostess, TBD,Parlophone, Capitol
Associated acts	Atoms for Peace
Website	radiohead.com
Members
Thom Yorke Jonny Greenwood Colin Greenwood Ed O'Brien Philip Selway

Radiohead are an English rock band from Abingdon, Oxfordshire, formed in 1985. The band consists of Thom Yorke (lead vocals, guitar, piano), Jonny Greenwood (lead guitar, keyboards, other instruments), Colin Greenwood (bass), Phil Selway (drums, percussion) and Ed O'Brien (guitar, backing vocals).

Radiohead released their debut single "Creep" in 1992. The song was initially unsuccessful, but it became a worldwide hit several months after the release of their debut album, Pablo Honey (1993). Radiohead's popularity rose in the United Kingdom with the release of their second album, The Bends (1995). Radiohead's third album, OK Computer (1997), propelled them to greater international fame. Featuring an expansive sound and themes of modern alienation, OK Computer is often acclaimed as one of the landmark records of the 1990s.^[1]

Kid A (2000) and Amnesiac (2001) marked an evolution in Radiohead's musical style, as the group incorporated experimental electronic music, krautrock and jazzinfluences. Kid A, though somewhat polarizing at the time of its release, is now frequently recognized as one of the most important albums of the 2000s.^[2] Hail to the Thief (2003), a mix of piano and guitar driven rock, electronics and lyrics inspired by war, was the band's final album for their major record label, EMI. Radiohead self-released their seventh album, In Rainbows (2007), as a digital download for which customers could set their own price, and later in physical form to critical and chart success. Radiohead's eighth album, The King of Limbs (2011), was an exploration of rhythm and quieter textures, which the band released independently.

Radiohead have sold more than 30 million albums worldwide,^[3] with the band's work being placed highly in both listener polls and critics' lists, they have the distinction of doing so in both the 1990s and 2000s.^[4][5] In 2005, Radiohead were ranked number 73 in Rolling Stone's list of "The Greatest Artists of All Time", while Jonny Greenwood and Ed O'Brien were both included in Rolling Stone's list of greatest guitarists, and Thom Yorke in their list of greatest singers.^[6] In 2009, Rolling Stone readers voted the group the second best artist of the 2000s.^[7]

Contents   [hide]  1 History 1.1 Formation and first years (1985–91) 1.2 Pablo Honey, The Bends and early success (1992–95) 1.3 OK Computer, fame and critical acclaim (1996–98) 1.4 Kid A, Amnesiac and a change in sound (1999–2001) 1.5 Hail to the Thief and departure from EMI (2002–04) 1.6 In Rainbows, independent work and "pay what you want" (2005–08) 1.7 The King of Limbs and "physical movements" (2009–present) 2 Style and songwriting 3 Collaborators 4 Band members 5 Discography 6 Awards and nominations 7 References 7.1 Sources 8 Further reading 9 External links

[edit]History

[edit]Formation and first years (1985–91)

Abingdon School, where the band formed

The musicians who formed Radiohead met while attending Abingdon School, an independent school for boys in Abingdon, Oxfordshire.^[8] Thom Yorke and Colin Greenwood were in the same year, Ed O'Brien and Phil Selway were one year older and Jonny Greenwood two years younger than his brother. In 1985 they formed the band "On a Friday", the name referring to the band's usual rehearsal day in the school's music room.^[9] The group played their first gig in late 1986 at Oxford's Jericho Tavern;^[10] Jonny Greenwood originally joined as a harmonica and then keyboard player, but he soon became the lead guitarist.^[9]

Although Yorke, O'Brien, Selway, and Colin Greenwood had left Abingdon by 1987 to attend university, the band continued to rehearse often on weekends and holidays.^[11] In 1991, when all the members except Jonny had completed their university degrees, On a Friday regrouped, began to record demos such as Manic Hedgehog, and performed live gigs around Oxford at venues such as The Jericho Tavern. Oxfordshire and the Thames Valley had an active independent music scene in the late 1980s, but it centred around shoegazing bands such as Ride and Slowdive; On a Friday were never seen as fitting this trend, commenting that they had missed it by the time they returned from university.^[12]

Nevertheless, as On a Friday's number of live performances increased, record labels and producers became interested. Chris Hufford, Slowdive's producer and the co-owner of Oxford's Courtyard Studios, attended an early On a Friday concert at the Jericho Tavern. Impressed by the band, he and his partner Bryce Edge produced a demo tape and became On a Friday's managers;^[11] they remain the band's managers to this day. Following a chance meeting between Colin Greenwood and EMI A&R representative Keith Wozencroft at the record shop where Greenwood worked, the band signed a six-album recording contract with the label in late 1991.^[11] At the request of EMI, the band changed their name; "Radiohead" was taken from title of a song on Talking Heads' True Stories album.^[11]

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